| Project | Type | Parts cost (est) | Difficulty | Design license | Last update | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MeArm | Arms | $40 kit | 1/5 | CC BY‑SA 4.0 | 07/26 | Needs a laser cutter |
| SO-101 arm | Arms | $230 project | 2/5 | Apache‑2.0 | 09/26 | |
| EEZYbotARM MK2 | Arms | $100 (2018) builder | 2/5 | CC BY‑NC 4.0 | 04/26 | Non-commercial license |
| GELLO teleoperation arms | Arms | $280 (2023) parts list | 2/5 | MIT | 09/26 | Needs a follower robot |
| Thor arm | Arms | $390 project | 4/5 | CC BY‑SA 4.0 | 05/25 | |
| reBot-DevArm (Seeed Studio) | Arms | $1,500 parts list | 4/5 | CERN‑OHL‑W‑2.0 | 10/26 | |
| OpenArm | Arms | $6,500 system | 5/5 | CERN‑OHL‑S‑2.0 | 09/26 | |
| Koch v1.1 arm | Arms | $480 (2024) project | 2/5 | Apache‑2.0 | 09/24 | Replaced by SO-101 |
| ROBOTIS OpenMANIPULATOR-X | Arms | $1,600 kit | 2/5 | CC BY 4.0 | 10/26 | Expensive proprietary servos |
| BCN3D Moveo | Arms | $430 estimated | 4/5 | MIT | 10/16 | Not updated since 2016 |
| PAROL6 | Arms | $970 estimated | 4/5 | GPL‑3.0 | 10/26 | Partly closed |
| Faze4 robotic arm | Arms | $1,000–$1,500 (2020) project | 4/5 | CERN‑OHL‑S‑2.0 | 12/25 | Docs unchanged since 2020 |
| Otto DIY | Bipeds | $60–$70 estimated | 1/5 | CC BY‑SA 4.0 | 09/26 | |
| Open Duck Mini v2 | Bipeds | $400 project | 3/5 | Apache‑2.0 | 01/26 | Incomplete assembly guide |
| ODRI Bolt biped | Bipeds | $4,700 (2022) builder | 5/5 | BSD‑3‑Clause | 09/22 | Research-grade |
| LEAP Hand | Hands | $1,800 (2023) project | 2/5 | CC BY‑NC‑SA | 10/25 | CAD behind request form |
| AmazingHand | Hands | $140 parts list | 2/5 | CC BY 4.0 | 04/26 | Light-duty grasping only |
| UMI gripper (Universal Manipulation Interface) | Hands | $370 (2024) project | 2/5 | None stated | 05/26 | Needs a GoPro Hero9 or 10 |
| RUKA hand | Hands | $1,300 parts list | 3/5 | None stated | 08/25 | No hardware license |
| Aero Hand Open | Hands | $320 parts list | 3/5 | CC BY‑NC‑SA 4.0 | 09/26 | |
| ORCA Hand | Hands | $2,000 project | 4/5 | CC BY 4.0 | 09/26 | Assembly video partly outdated |
| YUBI glove and gripper (Toyota) | Hands | $550–$750 estimated | 4/5 | CERN‑OHL‑W‑2.0 | 09/26 | Needs machined parts |
| Yale OpenHand (Model T42 / Model O) | Hands | $1,400 estimated | 3/5 | CC BY‑NC 3.0 | 03/25 | Dated, SolidWorks-only CAD |
| DexHand (The Robot Studio) | Hands | $300 (2023) project | 4/5 | CC BY‑NC‑SA 4.0 | 07/24 | Docs split across repos |
| Vorpal The Hexapod | Hexapods | $250 kit | 2/5 | CC BY‑SA 4.0 | 04/22 | Non-commercial code |
| RookiDroid Hexapod (Mochi) | Hexapods | $350 estimated | 2/5 | GPL‑3.0 | 10/26 | Board bought separately |
| MakeYourPet hexapod (Chica) | Hexapods | $590 (2022) builder | 3/5 | MIT | 04/23 | Closed control app |
| InMoov | Humanoids | $1,300–$1,400 estimated | 3/5 | CC BY‑NC | 12/24 | |
| ToddlerBot | Humanoids | under $6,000 project | 4/5 | None stated | 07/26 | |
| Berkeley Humanoid Lite | Humanoids | under $5,000 project | 4/5 | CC BY‑SA 4.0 | 03/26 | |
| Poppy Humanoid | Humanoids | $8,500 (2021) project | 3/5 | CC BY‑SA 4.0 | 12/21 | Not updated since 2021 |
| Asimov 1 (Menlo Research) | Humanoids | $20,000 kit | 5/5 | CERN‑OHL‑S‑2.0 | 09/26 | Gated parts list, very costly |
| Stack-chan | Other | $150–$180 estimated | 2/5 | Apache‑2.0 | 09/26 | Board files incomplete |
| LeLamp robot lamp | Other | $310 project | 3/5 | GPL‑3.0 | 08/26 | Development has paused |
| ESP-Drone (Espressif) | Other | — | 4/5 | GPL‑3.0 | 08/26 | Custom PCB required |
| Kame32 (MiniKame successor) | Quadrupeds | $90–$100 estimated | 2/5 | CC BY‑SA 4.0 | 11/25 | Photo-only body assembly |
| Stanford Pupper (servo version) | Quadrupeds | $900–$1,000 (2024) project | 3/5 | None stated | 07/24 | |
| Spot Micro (SpotMicroAI) | Quadrupeds | $420–$510 estimated | 3/5 | CC BY 4.0 | 03/21 | |
| SpotMicroESP32 Leika | Quadrupeds | $230–$600 estimated | 3/5 | CC BY 4.0 | 10/26 | External assembly guide |
| Pupper v3 | Quadrupeds | $2,000 project | 4/5 | None stated | 07/26 | |
| ODRI Solo 12 | Quadrupeds | $7,100 (2022) project | 5/5 | BSD‑3‑Clause | 09/22 | |
| Mini Pupper (MangDang) | Quadrupeds | $760 project | 2/5 | None stated | 08/26 | Needs maker's parts |
| Dingo Quadruped | Quadrupeds | $900 parts list | 3/5 | MIT | 03/26 | No assembly guide |
| Stanford Pupper v2.1 (DJI motor version) | Quadrupeds | $1,600 (2023) parts list | 4/5 | None stated | 09/23 | Replaced by Pupper v3 |
| openDog V3 | Quadrupeds | $2,800–$3,400 (2023) builder | 4/5 | MIT | 03/23 | Video-only guide |
| Sawppy the Rover | Rovers | $500 (2018) project | 3/5 | MIT | 09/25 | |
| ExoMy | Rovers | $280–$560 (2020) project | 3/5 | GPL‑3.0 | 11/25 | Archived by ESA |
| NASA JPL Open Source Rover | Rovers | $1,400 project | 4/5 | Apache‑2.0 | 09/26 | |
| Donkey Car | Wheeled | $250–$300 project | 2/5 | CC BY 4.0 | 08/26 | |
| LeKiwi | Wheeled | $480 project | 2/5 | Apache‑2.0 | 08/26 | |
| OpenBot (smartphone robot) | Wheeled | $50 (2020) project | 2/5 | MIT | 09/26 | Needs a capable phone |
| XLeRobot | Wheeled | $660 project | 3/5 | Apache‑2.0 | 09/26 | |
| F1TENTH (RoboRacer) autonomous race car | Wheeled | $3,000 parts list | 3/5 | None stated | 09/26 | Guide lags the parts list |
| OpenMower | Wheeled | $790 project | 3/5 | CC BY‑NC‑SA 4.0 | 09/26 | Needs donor mower |
| Upkie wheeled biped | Wheeled | $4,600 estimated | 4/5 | Apache‑2.0 | 10/26 | Expensive actuators |
| TidyBot++ | Wheeled | $5,200–$6,300 (2024) parts list | 4/5 | None stated | 12/25 | Research-lab budget |
| NVIDIA JetBot | Wheeled | $640 (2024) parts list | 2/5 | MIT | 06/26 | Discontinued main board |
| MuSHR racecar | Wheeled | $1,100 (2022) parts list | 3/5 | BSD‑3‑Clause | 08/26 | Key parts discontinued |
Click on a column heading to sort. Hovering over a note explains it. The design license covers the CAD and print files, and “None stated” means they are published without a license.
Left out
Projects are listed when their design files, parts list and build instructions are free and a build is practical today, and gaps are flagged on each project. These well-known designs were checked and left out.
- ALOHA bimanual teleoperation. The plans are free, but nearly all of the roughly $19,500 parts list is ready-made commercial arms.
- AR4 (Annin Robotics). Free to download, but the license bans commercial use and any redistribution of the design files.
- Arctos robotic arm. The CAD files are a paid download. Only the code, parts list and assembly viewer are free.
- Asimov v0 legs (Menlo Research). Only leg CAD and a simulation model were published, with no parts list, electronics or build guide. Asimov 1 replaced it.
- BracketBot. No license, and the docs site is offline.
- Capers II hexapod. The frame is a bought part with no design files, and the code has no license.
- Curio (Sawppy ROS rover). An unmaintained ROS 1 software add-on for the Sawppy rover rather than a separate build plan.
- Duckietown Duckiebot. The license is non-commercial and current models are sold only as kits.
- Dummy robot arm (peng-zhihui). No license, parts list or build instructions, and it needs CNC parts and harmonic drives.
- ElectronBot. Fully open and popular, but it has no parts list or written assembly guide and needs custom circuit boards and rebuilt servos.
- HopeJR. What can be built today is an arm, hand and teleoperation rig rather than a humanoid. The current arm files have no license and there is no assembly guide.
- jjrobots B-Robot EVO 2. The maker's website, control app and current firmware are offline, so a build depends on archived pages and substitute electronics.
- Linorobot2. A well-maintained ROS 2 software framework, with no CAD, parts list or assembly guide of its own.
- Microduck (Pollen Robotics). The software is open, but the hardware is a closed commercial product.
- Mini Pupper 2 (MangDang). A commercial kit with open software but no published hardware files.
- Mobile ALOHA. An integration guide built around about $32,000 of commercial hardware rather than a DIY build.
- NVIDIA JetRacer. Not maintained since 2021 and tied to the discontinued Jetson Nano developer kit.
- OpenROV 2.x. The parts list and assembly guides are offline, and the hardware license is non-commercial.
- Petoi OpenCat (Nybble / Bittle). The firmware is open source, but Petoi publishes no plans for the robot frames, which are sold as kits.
- PLEN2. The assembly guide is offline, there is no parts list and the project has been idle since 2021.
- Reachy Mini (Pollen Robotics / Hugging Face). Sold only as a kit, with no parts list or self-build guide, and the hardware license is non-commercial.
- ROBOTIS OP3. Only the software and the printable skin files are open. The robot itself is a commercial product.
- Spiderbot (Robert Meisner). The published code has no working walking gait.
- Stanford Doggo. Discontinued, with no step-by-step assembly guide and a motor controller generation that is no longer sold.
- TRLC-DK1. Only the leader arm is documented for self-building, and the license is unclear.
- TurtleBot3. The software and CAD are open, but in practice it is a commercial kit with no parts list for sourcing the parts separately.
- ZeroBug hexapod. No parts list or assembly guide, and the specified servos and controller are hard to get.
- Zeroth Bot (Z-Bot). The company behind it shut down in November 2025, its docs sites are offline and the planned v1.0 never shipped.